Combination-tool



l. H. WALKER.

- COMBINATION TOOL. APPLICATION FILED APR. I7. |911.

' PatentedAug. 19,1919. 5 2 SHEETS-suur 1.

me COLUMBIA PLANOGRAP C0.. WlSHlNlfoN, n. c.

1. H. WALKER.'

COMBINATION T001.. APPLICATION FILED APR. 11. |911.

THE wLuMBlA mmxuupn cn., WASHINGTON. n. c.

` cated h JOHN HENRY WALKER, 0F LEXINGTON', KENTUCKY;

COMBINATION-T001.; A

Application led April 17,

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. WALKER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lexington, in the county of Fayette and State of Kentucky, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Combination-Tools, of which the following is a speciication.

This invention is an' improvement on the combination tool disclosed in the Patent 1,135,743, issued to me on April 13, 1915.l

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide a spirit level yattachment operating as a spirit level both on and oii' of, the stock or handle of the device, and also operating in conjunction with thestock in rapidly adjusting the blades of the tool to predetermined angular positions.

` Another object of the invention is to provide the stock or handle with notches or shoulders yarranged at suchpositions on the stock as to determine, Awhen engaged by one ofthe blades, the more commonly used angular positions ofthe blade, the pur ose being to allow quick and accurate adjustment of the blade to the more commonly used angles.

A further ob-ject of my present invention is to improve generally the utility of the combination tool.

l/Vith these and other objects in view which will become apparent as the descriptionproceeds, the invention resides Vin the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several figures, of which- VFigure l represents an elevational view of the tool looking at the same from one end of the stock or handle; Fig. 2 represents a side elevational View of the tool;

Fig. 3 represents a view in edgeelevation, taken partially in section on the plane indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 represents a horizontalsectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 4 4 of Fifr.l 2, looking in the direction inditie arrows;

Fig., represents a plan view of the-tool specification of Letters Patent.

Ahorizontally on the plane indicated Pat-enteanug. 19, 1919.

1917. Serial N0. 162,603.

when thev arms aremoved into alinement to form a straight edge, the stock being formed into parallel `relation with the blade;

Fig. 6 1 represents an elevational view showing the application of the 'level attach- `ment in securing correct angular 4adjust-ment for one of the arms;

Fig. 7 is asimilar view verse side of the tool;

Fig. 8 represents a view in section taken by the showing the reline 9*8 of Fig. 7, Fig. 9 represents an elevational view of the tool showing the use of the same as an outside caliper,

Inthe improved construction of the rtool the stock or handle 5 is made of two strips or lengths of metal of suitable weight, between which at one end is arranged' a spacer block 6, and between the other ends of which the inner ends of the blades 7 and 8 respectively are pivoted. A

The inner ends of the blades are provided at analogous corners with rounded ears 9', whichfears are offset from the Vblades -in opposite directions whereby the blades themselves lie in c oplaner` relation, as shown clearly in Fig.` 1. .Between the -ears is interposed a hardened washer 10. These ears are pivoted on the rivet 4 which securely binds the parts together in such manner that they will remain in `adjusted position through frictional engagement ofone part with the other.` In the patented tool above referred to, the blades are limited to a maximum adjustment of 90o with relation to the stock orl handle. In the improved tool theblade 8, termed the right hand blade, similarly is limited to a maximtun adjustment of 90o withregardto the handle or stock 5, but the blade 7, termed the left hand blade, is not so `limited but may swing through an arc of 180o with regard to the handleor, in other-words, may

be `moved as shownin Fig. 5, into axial alinement with the stock or handle. The blades 7 and 8 are so mounted that, when they are brought into alinement one withl Offler te be limited in movement, is

ladapted to eoperate kin limitin equipped .at inneia end with a lug 1,1 which moves through an arcuate recessed portion 12 provided at the inner end of one of the plates for-ming the stock or'handle,

such recess 12 defining square shoulders 13 and 14 respectively, which lie at right" angles to each other and With which the lug 11 is themovement of the blade 8. The shou der .13 lies in the medial line of the stock and limits .the maniinuni swing at the b-ladeto a position itflQ-ifelative te, the stock. The shoulder 14 Wlllinit the kinward movement 0f the yblade 8,' toward he, stock or handle, When the eater edge. 0i thelilade lies, 1n parallel relntinn'wtli the longitudinal .edges 'of the stock.4 The'outer edges of the blades 7 and 8 areY raduated en both. sides to iorm `a rule, as in t ie original construotion. i

ElieA trent faeeof the. k or handle ie graduated. ae Sheun 1n. Fig- 25. et l5, and

vthese graduations cooperate- With the inner edges ef the amie 7 and 8 in determining ther at whih these arms are. arranged relative to the stock or handle 5 Thus,l in Fsthe lilaile liee. at angle Of 30 with elle Sindsdiasdetenneined by the fat that the. inner ...dee ai the, bladeimergets the aiiieeent longitudinal edge et the handle, at the'ueiiit where the graduation 30P one In order that quick and accurate adjust? idents ai the. blade 8 into its iraniens angular liestiens naar be. laad, the. innerenrtaee ef one et the plates stripe termine the. stank Qif liandlerie provided with notehee as @heated-at lli Fig-.- 3.,. Whieh notches. clefine .Slieulders eeaneiding with the gradita tiens l @n the liront. faee.. et the steek. Blass te auiekly adinet the bladek 8, say at an angle ef 2.9i resiieet te. the steek the blade. Will.; lee ,grasped and Slightly twisted and inered toward the 2Q@ niark., until the inner edge of the blade abuts with the shoulder ceineiding with the. graduation 2.0i The blade. then lee at an angular Hosiden et 2de with respect, to the stock er handle. The. blade. wellas tlielstonk Qr baarde. is made Qt suitable metah'and it neeess'ary only te.. slightly twist the blade 8i ardente bring its. inner edge positio-ni te engage. with the shoulders Cle-fined l Bombes, .16,- .A $991.1 the-[blade is released 't will straighten ont in position. to be readily adjusted without engagement with the shoulders but it will remain its predetermined angular position relatively to theY Steek until; the blade. is forcibly 'lliel eliminations ll. are. arranged atv terraler eifand in. order to.- prnvicle for acliueinients eti the blade-[8s at. intermediate pQIits, the front face of the blade at the lower end of the latter is graduated as indicated at 17 intodegree and fractional degree spaces, as clearly shown. For the sake of illustration presume it is desired to lay Qff .an angle of thirty-two degrees upon a surface. The blade is first adjusted to a thirty degree score upon the stock as shown in Fig. 2 vand a suitable mark made upon the surface. The second degree score of the gradnations 17 is then moved to coincide with this mark and in this position the blade will determine an, angle of thirty-two degrees.

The left hand blade 7 also operates in Securing the lcorrect angular value of any given obtuse angle, by adjusting the blade with rel-ation to the stock or handle, to coincideiv'ith 'the angle to be measured, and then bringing the right hand blade into position tov abut the left hand blade, and then determining the angular relation of the right hand blade With respect to the stock or handle. The correct angular measurement of the obtuse angle will be determined by subtracting from 1,80 the value of the 'angle between the blade 8 andthe handle. If,xthe blade 8 abut-s against the blade 7, and lies let us say at. 15o with regard to the stock, the obtuse angle between the blade 7 and the Stock, and hence the obtuseV angle with which it coincides, will be a 165 angle. I have provided a level attachment for use in conjunction with the tool, and this attachment vincludes a. body 18projecting from one 'edge of which 4are theanges 19 defining angroove or channel whereby the level., attachment may be slidably mounted upon the stock 5 of the tool, as shown in Figs.V 6 and On its opposite edge from the flanges 19, the attachment is equipped with a level vial 20, constructed as usual. The upper end of the body 18 is provided with a lug or stop. L1 against which the inner edgeoi?l one .blade orv the other is to. be brought .in determining the angular relation ot suchblade with respect to the stonk.`

AsV shown in Fig., 6lx the reverse or rear face. .Odi the stockis provided with two sets of graduations 23 and 24- respeetively, which are arranged in reverse order with respect 13o-.each other, and with WhiehV che level attachment. is adapted to coperate in determining the adjustment of the blades land 7- yinto angular relationsfwith regard to the stock and with regard toi a line at right angles toi the stock respectiuelry.Y Thus, in Fig.. 6, the attachment isso. positioned that its upper edge coincides: with the graduation 25. odi the series 23.. The blade 8 is; then brought down so) that its; lower edge engages Wifllli JElle lillg- 2l. then be at an angle of 25.0 With regard tothe stock'. 51. Thusg adjustments et the. level The blade will f.

attachment at any of the `graduations 23, will determine various angular positions of the blade 8 relatively to'the stock. While the level attachment is positioned upon the stock, it may be utilized as a level by bringing the blade, opposite the one with' which the leveling attachment is coperating, in determining an angular adjustment, -mto closed position relatively stock, and then laying the tool with the edge of the closed blade against the surface to be leveled, as will be readily understood.

The graduations 24 are to determine the position of the leveling attachment in adjusting the blade 7 at various angular positions relatively to a line drawn at right angles to the stock through the p-ivot 4. Thus, if the level attachment is placed on the stock on the opposite edge from that shown in Fig. 6, and moved let us say, until the upper edge of the level attachment c0- incides with the graduations 50 of the series 24, the blade 7 when brought so that its lower edge engaged against the lug 21, would lie at an angle of 500 with respect to a line drawn at right angles to the stock through the pivot 4 and on the same side of the stock as the blade 7.

The level attachment is equipped, for convenience, with a detachable scratch awl which may be utilized in connection with the tool in laying olf Work.

The outer or free ends of the blades 8 and 7 extend beyond the outer end of the stock 5, and are so shaped as to provide points or lingers 25, which are adapted to be utilized as outside calipers, as indicated in Fig. 9.

When the level attachment is used in determining the various angular adjustments of the blades, it may, if desired, lbe removed and the blades will remain in adjusted positions until forcibly moved into other adjustments.

The improved tool has been found to be of great utility, serving not only the specific uses set out, but others too numerous to mention, and Which are obvious.

It may be stated that the flanges 19 will of course frictionally engage the stock or handle with such force as to retain the level attachment in adjusted position upon the stock against acci-dental displacement. The floor of the channel defined by the flanges 19 is smooth and straight, so as to lie Hat against the lateral edges of the stock. The scratch awl is detachably positioned in openings provided in the wall of the level attachment, so that when the scratch awl is in position on the attachment, it extends above the vial 20, whereby to protect the latter.

I claim:

l. A tool including a stock comprising to the handle or' f spacedv plates, a blade pivoted between the plates, graduations arranged transversely on the outer surface of' one of the platesto determine various angular relationsl oi' the blade relatively to the stock, said one plate having "its inner surface provided with a plurality of shoulders arranged in coincidence with" the gradliation-s and lagainst Awhich'shoulders the blade can be selectively brought for quickly and positively determining various angular positions of the blade relatively to the said stock.

2. A tool including a stock, a blade pivoted thereon, said blade being relatively lieXible, notches provided on the stock at various intervals to be engaged by the blade for determining various angular relations of the blade relatively to the stock, and graduations provided on the stock for identifying the angles determined by the notches.

8. A tool comprising a stock, a pair of blades coperating with said stock and ears formed on homologous corners .of said blades pivot-ed to the stock and oli'set whereby the blades lie in the same plane and the adjacent ends of the blades can abut each other to limit the adjustment of the blades relative to the stock.

4. A tool including a stock, a blade pivoted thereon, graduations on the stock with which the blade is adapted to coperate in positioning the blade at various predetermined angular degree graduations provided on the outer end of the blade for determining the angular relations of the blade relatively to the stock intermediate the angular positions determined by the graduations on the stock.

5. The combination with a tool including a stock and a blade pivoted thereon, of an attachment including a body slida'ble longitudinally of the stock and having a lug against which the blade may engage for determining the correct angular positions of the blade relatively to the stock, said stock being provided with graduations with which the attachment is to coperate in determining various angular positions of lthe blade.

6. The combination with a tool including a stock and a blade adjustable into various angular positions relative to the stock, of an attachment slidable longitudinally on the stock and against which the blade is to be engaged in determining angular relations of the -bladerelatively to the stock, said attachment being provided with a leveling vial whereby the stock may be leveled simultaneously with the adjustment of the blade into the desired angular position.

7. A tool consisting of a stock comprising spaced plates, one of said plates being provided at one end thereof with an arcurelations with the stock, and f ate recessed por-tion, a pair of blades ar 11ers oleach of said blades and offset Wheremnged between the plates, a 111g'. formed by the blades liein the same plane and the on one of said blades eoperatng with the `etdj a/cent ends of the blades abut each other recessed portion of said Yplate for limiting when the blades are brought in alnement 10 5 the adjustment of said blade relative to the one With the other.

Stock and ears formed on homologous co1'- JQHN HENRYYVALKER.`

copia; nf this 1yntent'nmyv be obtained fbi' ve cents uch, b y Mdneuingrtlue fit-Gommissioner of Patents,

- vWashington` IIJ.v Q. v 

